Complete each of the following statements with a word making that statement correct. (4 pts. each)

1. Growing an entire new plant from part of the original plant is called _______________.

2. Uncontrolled mitotic cell division is called _______________.

3. An equal division of the cytoplasm and nuclear material in cell division is referred to as _______________.

4. The process by which a starfish grows back a missing arm is called _______________. This process involves the restoration of lost body parts.

5. Bread mold reproduces asexually by the process of _______________.

6. The structure which holds two chromatids together is called the _______________.

7. _______________ involves an equal division of the nuclear material but an unequal division of the cytoplasm.

8. Each individual strand of a chromosome is called a(n) _______________.

Short Answer Section.

1.   The diagram below illustrates asexual reproduction in bread mold. Reproductive structures known as spores were released from bread mold A. 
      One of these spores developed into bread mold B.

Choose the response which best answers each of the following questions or completes each of the following statements. (4 pts. @)

1. As a result of mitotic cell division, a cell having 40 chromosomes gives rise to two cells each of which has a chromosome number of (1.) 10 (2.) 20 (3.) 40 (4.) 80

2. Reproduction by budding occurs in the (1.) earthworm (2.) crayfish (3.) hydra

3. The process of mitosis insures equal distribution to the new cells of the (1.) mitochondria (2.) cytoplasm (3.) chromosomes (4.) chloroplasts

4. A structure found during animal cell mitosis that is NOT found during plant cell mitosis is a (1.) centriole (2.) cell plate (3.) cell membrane (4.) mitochondrion

5. In the Paramecium, which is true of a daughter cell that results from fission? (1.) It has one-half as many chromosomes as the parent cell. (2.) It has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell and is the same size as the parent. (3.) It has twice as many chromosomes as the parent cell. (4.) It has as many chromosomes as the parent cell, but is smaller.

For questions 6-10 write:

B -- If the statement is true of both plant and animal cells.

A -- If the statement is only true of animal cells.

P -- If the statement is only true of plant cells.

F -- If the statement is false.

6. Centrioles are present.

7. Replication occurs during interphase.

8. The daughter cells are identical genetically to the parent cell.

9. Cytoplasmic division occurs during the formation of a cell plate.

10. During late anaphase the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell.

11. Which method of reproduction is carried on by the paramecium? (1.) budding (2.) sporulation (3.) binary fission (4.) multiple fission

12. Which of the following events occurs first in the sequence of events in these answers? (1.) Replication of the chromosome material. (2.) Chromosomes move to the equator of the cell before splitting. (3.) Chromosomes move toward the poles of the cell. (4.) The cell divides during telophase.

13. A runner develops new strawberry plants which develop into new individuals. This best illustrates the process of (1.) vegetative propagation (2.) gametogenesis (3.) meiosis (4.) regeneration

14. When Amoeba proteus reproduces, its nucleus and cytoplasm both divide equally. This best illustrates the reproductive process called (1.) budding (2.) sexual reproduction (3.) regeneration (4.) binary fission

15. Which is NOT an advantage of grafting? (1.) The graft is identical to the parent plant it is obtained from. (2.) Grafting allows the propagation of seedless fruits. (3.) The graft combines the characteristics of the stock and scion in the graft. (4.) Grafting may allow for the faster production of desirable fruits.

Base your answers to questions 16 and 17 on the information below and your knowledge of
the living environment.

A leaf of Bryophyllum plant was placed on moist sand. Several weeks later, it was observed that young plants were growing from the edges of the leaf.

16. Which method of reproduction was demonstrated by this procedure? (1.) regeneration (2.) sexual reproduction (3.) vegetative propagation (4.) budding

17. The chromosomes in the young plants growing from the leaf are produced by (1.) mitosis (2.) meiosis (3.) sporulation (4.) buds

Use the diagram below and your knowledge of the living environment to assist you in answering questions 18 through 20 below.

18.  Identify the structure indicated by arrow A. 19.   The illustration demonstrates stages in          the process of          (1.) chlorophyll production               in chloroplasts             (2.) mitotic cell division in plants          (3.) water conduction in onions          (4.) meiosis in root tips 20.  Identify the structure indicated by arrow B.

21.   Plants that are grown from undifferentiated cells of leaves, stems, or roots are produced
        by (1.) sexual reproduction  (2.) fission of gametes (3.) fusion of spores
       (4.) vegetative propagation

22.   If an organism reproduces asexually, its offspring will most likely be (1.) genetically identical
        to the parent (2.) genetically different from each other (3.) produced as a result
        of fertilization  (4.) produced from specialized cells known as gametes

23.    The release of spores by a mushroom is one type of (1.) meiosis (2.) gametogenesis
         (3.) asexual reproduction (4.) binary fission

24.     In an attempt to reduce the population of starfish feeding on clams, fishermen
          cut into pieces and threw overboard any starfish that they caught. The following
          season there were more starfish than before. This increase in population was most
          likely the result of  (1.) regeneration (2.) vegetative propagation  (3.) budding
          (4.) binary fission

25.    The presence of a cancerous mass in the lung is a direct result of  (1.) the introduction
         of toxins through breaks in the skin  (2.) prolonged exposure to very dry air
         (3.) the uncontrolled division and growth of abnormal cells
         (4.) meiotic division of normal cells

26.    The uncontrolled division of abnormal cells may result in  (1.) hemophilia
         (2.) Down syndrome  (3.) cancer  (4.) albinism
 

27.   Which process is represented in the          chart shown in the diagram at the right?         (1.) budding  (2.) binary fission         (3.) sporulation  (4.) regeneration

28.  What is one difference between mitotic cell division in and mitotic cell division in animals?
       (1.) The replicated chromosomes separate in plants but animals.
       (2.) The nuclear membrane reforms in plants but not in animals.
       (3.) A cell plate divides the cytoplasm in plants but not in animals.
       (4.) Chromosomes are replicated in plants but not in animals.

29.    Growing a crop of white potatoes by placing pieces of potato having buds (eyes)
         in the ground is a method of reproduction known as (1.) binary fission
         (2.) vegetative propagation (3.) grafting  (4.) sporulation

30.   Which process is illustrated in the diagram of a yeast cell below? (1.) regeneration
         (2.) budding  (3.) binary fission  (4.) vegetative propagation
 

31.    Which type of reproduction           is illustrated in the diagram at the right?           (1.) regeneration  (2.) budding            (3.) gametogenesis  (4.) sporulation

32.   Which statement best explains why the ability to regenerate is greater in invertebrates
        than in most vertebrates? (1.)    Invertebrates have a more highly developed
        circulatory system than vertebrates have. (2.)    Vertebrates have specialized cells,
        tissues, and organs for sexual reproduction, but invertebrates do not.
        (3.)    Invertebrates have more undifferentiated cells than vertebrates have.
        (4.)    Vertebrates have a central nervous system containing a brain and spinal cord,
        but invertebrates do not.
 

33.  Which process is represented by the         series of diagrams at the right?         (1.) mitotic cell division          (2.) fertilization          (3.) gametogenesis          (4.) meiotic cell division

34.   The diagrams at the right represent          two different species of organisms in          the same kingdom.   Both of these          organisms reproduce asexually by means         of  (1.) vegetative propagation           (2.) binary fission  (3.) budding         (4.) spore formation

 

35.  Which phrase best describes the         process represented in the diagram below?        (1.) development of seeds in an ovule        (2.) germination of a pollen grain in a               flower       (3.) identical gametes being formed              by mitotic cell division       (4.) daughter cells being formed by              mitotic cell division

Use the information provided in the diagram below and your knowledge of the living environment to answer questions 36 and 37 which follow.
 

36.  The diagrams at the right represent stages of a cellular process.   Which is the correct sequence of these stages?   (1.)  B--> D--> C--> A  (2.)  D--> B--> A--> C  (3.)  A--> B--> C--> D (4.)  C--> B--> D--> A 37.  This diagram represents  (1.) plant cell mitosis  (2.) animal cell mitosis  (3.) plant cell meiosis  (4.) animal cell meiosis

38.  The diagram which follows represents a cell process.

Which statement describes the outcome of this process?   (1) The bud will develop into a zygote.  (2) The two cells that result will each contain half the species number of chromosomes.  (3) The two cells that result will have identical DNA.  (4) The bud will start to divide by the process of meiotic cell division.

39.  The diagram below represents a yeast cell that is in the process of budding,
       a form of asexual reproduction. 

Now Hopefully the correct answers!  Please send any information about incorrect answers to jbuckley@ekcsk12.org

1.)  vegetative propagation
2.)  cancer
3.)  binary fission
4.)  regeneration
5.)  sporulation
6.)  centromere
7.)  budding
8.)  chromatid

Short Answer Section

1.)  The genetic information is identical in the offspring compared to the parent.
2.)  Sexual reproduction requires two parents and produces offspring having variations.   Asexual reproduction requires one parent and
      produces offspring having no variation from the parent.
3.)  Replication means to copy the chromosomes.
4.)  Replication doubles the chromosome number, so it can be cut in half to form two cells with the same number of chromosomes as the original parent
      cell in the offspring formed by mitosis (asexual reproduction).

Multiple Choice/Short Answer

1.) 3
2.) 3
3.) 3
4.) 1
5.) 4
6.) A
7.) B
8.) B
9.) P
10.) F
11.) 3
12.) 1
13.) 1
14.) 4
15.) 3
16.) 3
17.) 1
18.) chromosome
19.)  2
20.)  nucleus or nuclear membrane
21.)  4
22.)  1
23.)  3
24.)  1
25.)  3
26.)  3
27.)  2
28.)  3
29.)  2
30.)  2
31.)  4
32.)  3
33.)  1
34.)  4
35.)  4
36.)  4
37.)  2
38.)  3 
39.)  3