1.   The movement of materials from higher to lower concentration is
       called  (1.) diffusion  (2.) active transport  (3.) pinocytosis
       (4.) phagocytosis

2.    Which kind of cell engulfs and eats bacteria?  (1.) red blood cell
        (2.) phagocyte  (3.) lymphocyte   (4.) platelet

3.   The main function of the human digestive system is to  (1.) rid the body
      of cellular waste materials   (2.) process organic molecules so they
      can enter cells  (3.) break down glucose in order to release energy
     (4.) change amino acids into proteins and carbohydrates

4.   Which statement describes the best procedure to determine if a
      vaccine for a disease in a certain bird species is effective?
      (1.) Vaccinate 50 birds, do not vaccinate 50 other birds, and expose
      all 100 to the disease.   (2.) Vaccinate 50 birds, do not vaccinate
      50 other birds, and expose only the vaccinated birds to the disease.
      (3.) Vaccinate 100 birds and expose all 100 to the disease.
      (4.) Vaccinate 100 birds and expose only 50 of them to the disease.

5.   Identify the control group in question # 4.

6.   Identify the independent variable in question # 4.

7.   Identify the dependent variable in question # 4.

8.  The normal sodium level in human blood is 135 mEq/L. If a blood test
      taken immediately after a meal reveals a sodium level of 150 mEq/L,
      what will most likely result?  (1.) Antibody production will increase.
      (2. ) An adjustment within the human body will be made
      to restore homeostasis.  (3.) The person will move to an ecosystem with
      a lower sodium level.   (4.) The nutritional relationships between
      humans and other organisms will change.

9.  The energy an organism requires to transport materials and
      eliminate wastes is obtained directly from  (1.) DNA (2.) hormones
      (3.) starch (4.) ATP

10.  Which disease destroys the human immune system, leaving the body
       open to certain infectious agents?  (1.)  flu (2.) chicken pox  (3.) AIDS
       (4.) pneumonia

11.   A characteristic shared by all enzymes, hormones, and antibodies is
        that their function is determined by the (1.) shape of their molecules
        (2.) DNA they contain  (3.) inorganic molecules they contain
        (4.)  organelles present in their structure

12.   What usually results when an organism fails to maintain homeostasis?
        (1.) Growth rates within organs become equal.   (2.) The
        organism  becomes ill or may die.   (3.) A constant sugar supply for
        the cells is produced.   (4.) The water balance in the tissues of
        the organism stabilizes.

13.   Which activity is not a response of human white blood cells
        to pathogens?  (1) engulfing and destroying bacteria
        (2.) producing antibodies   (3.) identifying invaders for destruction
        (4.) removing carbon dioxide

14.  The movement of materials from lower to higher concentration
        requiring energy in the form of ATP is called  (1.) movement
        (2.) diffusion  (3.) active transport (4.) cell division

15.   Explain the difference between the dependent and independent variables
         in an experiment in one or more sentences.

16.  One similarity between cell receptors and antibodies is that both
       (1.) are produced by nerve cells (2.) are highly specific in their actions
       (3.) slow the rate of chemical reactions  (4.) are involved in digestion

17.  In some individuals, the immune system attacks substances such
       as grass pollen that are usually harmless, resulting in (1.) a mutation
       (2.) an allergic reaction  (2.) a form of cancer  (4.) an insulin imbalance

18.  Which blood cell type produces a chemical used in the immune
        response?  (1.) phagocytes  (2.) platelets (3.) lymphocytes
       (4.) red blood cells

19.  What is that chemical that this blood cell type in number 18 produces
        called?

20.  Diagrams, tables, and graphs are used by scientists mainly to
       (1.) design a research plan for an experiment
       (2.) test a hypothesis
       (3.) organize data
       (4.) predict the independent variable

21.  If a human system fails to function properly, what is the most
       likely result?  (1.) a stable rate of metabolism
       (2.) a disturbance in homeostasis
       (3.) a change in the method of cellular respiration
       (4.) a change in the function of DNA

22.  Which statement regarding the functioning of the cell membrane of
       all organisms is not correct?   (1.) The cell membrane forms a
       barrier that keeps all substances that might harm the cell from
       entering the cell.   (2.) The cell membrane forms a
       boundary that separates the cellular contents from the outside
       environment.   (3.) The cell membrane is capable of receiving
       and recognizing chemical signals.   (4.) The cell membrane controls
       the movement of molecules into and out of the cell.

23.  In multicellular organisms, cells must be able to communicate with
        each other.   Structures that enable most cells to communicate with
        each other are known as  (1.) receptor molecules
        (2.) pathogenic agents (3.) antibiotics  (4.) chloroplasts

24.   Every single-celled organism is able to survive because it carries out
        (1.) metabolic activities  (2.) autotrophic nutrition
       (3.) heterotrophic nutrition  (4.) sexual reproduction

25. Which statement does not identify a characteristic of antibodies?
       (1.) They are produced by the body in response to the presence of
       foreign substances.  (2.) They may be produced in response to an
       antigen.  (3.) They are nonspecific, acting against any foreign substance in
       the body.   (4) They may be produced by white blood cells.

26.  An increase in the level of insulin in the blood would most directly
        result in (1.) a decrease in the amount of glucose in the blood
       (2.) a decrease in the amount of protein in the blood
       (3.) an increase in the amount of fat in cells
       (4.) an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in cells

27.  State two ways the hormone insulin lowers the blood sugar level.

28.  Choose any three of the cell organelles listed below and associate
        it with a human organ with a similar function.   Explain why you made
        your choice.
 

29.   The most immediate response to a high level of blood sugar in a human is an increase in the
(1) muscle activity in the arms  (2) blood flow to the digestive tract (3) activity of all cell organelles
(4) release of insulin

30.  Which activity would stimulate the human immune system to provide protection against an invasion by a microbe? 
(1) receiving antibiotic injections after surgery  (2) choosing a well-balanced diet and following it throughout life 
(3) being vaccinated against chicken pox  (4) receiving hormones contained in mother’s milk while nursing

31. Certain microbes, foreign tissues, and some cancerous cells can cause immune responses in
the human body because all three contain (1) antigens (2) fats  (3) enzymes (4) cytoplasm

32. In heterotrophs, energy for the life processes comes from the chemical energy stored in the
bonds of  (1) water molecules  (2) oxygen molecules  (3) organic compounds  (4) inorganic compounds

33.  A researcher needs information on antigen–antibody reactions. Searching for which
phrase would best lead the researcher to information about these reactions?  (1) protein synthesis
(2) energy sources in nature  (3) white blood cell activity  (4) DNA replication

34.  Which process is directly used by autotrophs to store energy in glucose?
(1) diffusion  (2) respiration  (3) photosynthesis (4) active transport

35.  A slide of human blood cells was observed in focus under the low-power objective of a compound light microscope
that had clean lenses. When the microscope was switched to high power, the image was dark and fuzzy.
Which parts of the microscope should be used to correct this situation?  (1) nosepiece and coarse adjustment 
(2) diaphragm and ocular  (3) objective and fine adjustment  (4) diaphragm and fine adjustment

 36.   Arrow A represents active transport. State two ways that active transport is
         different  from diffusion.

 37.  In cells of multicellular organisms, structure B often contains molecules involved
        in cell communication. What specific term is used to identify these molecules? ]

 38.   Identify a piece of laboratory equipment that normally would be used to
         accurately measure 15 milliliters of glucose solution for an experiment.

Some hopefully correct answers to this practice activity
 
Send any comments to jbuckley@ekcsk12.org