1. A function of many plants but not of animals is (1.) photosynthesis (2.) digestion (3.) reproduction (4.) regulation

2. The unit of structure and function of a living thing is the (1.) organ (2.) cell (3.) organism (4.) tissue

3.  Which statement is false?  (1.) In all environments, organisms with similar needs may compete with one another  
     for resources.  (2.)  Extinction of a species occurs when the environment changes and the adaptive characteristics 
     of a species are insufficient to permit its survival.   (3.) Extinction of species uncommon.   (4.) Fossils are evidence 
     that a great variety of species existed in the past.

4.  Which statement is false?  (1.)  Many thousands of layers of sedimentary rock provide evidence for the long 
      history of Earth and for the long history of changing life forms whose remains are found in the rocks. 
      (2.) Recently deposited rock layers are more likely to contain fossils resembling existing species.  (3.) Although 
      the time needed for change in a species is usually great, some species of insects and bacteria have 
      undergone significant change in just a few years.   (4.) Human activities such as selective breeding and 
      advances in genetic engineering can not affect the variations of species.

5.   Placing the genes from one species into another is called  (1.) selective breeding  (2.) specimen staining
     (3.) genetic engineering  (4.) a Newtonian demonstration

6. When cells are viewed under the compound microscope, it may be difficult to see the nucleus in the cells. Which technique would help make the nucleus in the cells more visible? (1.) using a dissecting microscope to view the cells  (2.) staining the cells with iodine solution (3.) placing the cells in an ultracentrifuge (4.) placing the cells in a sugar solution

7. Which cell organelles are considered sites of aerobic respiration in both plant and animal cells? (1.) vacuoles (2.) nuclei (3.) mitochondria (4.) cell membranes

8. Within which category do the organisms show the least variation of characteristics? (1.) class (2.) family (3.) phylum (4.) species

9. Which is the correct classification arrangement? (1.) genus, species, phylum, class (2.) phylum, genus, class, species (3.) species, genus, phylum, class (4.) phylum, class, genus, species

10. In order to measure and pour 10 milliliters of a liquid solution into a test tube, which of the following is the best procedure to insure the accuracy of the measurement? (1.) use a graduated cylinder (2.) measure the required amount with a metric ruler (3.) weigh out 10 milliliters of the fluid directly on to a metric balance (4.) fill a medicine dropper ten times

11. A plant cell that lacks chloroplasts does NOT (1.) give off oxygen (2.) give off carbon dioxide (3.) take in water (4.) take in food

12. Which concept is NOT part of the cell theory? (1.) Cells are the units of structure in living things. (2.) All cells are genetically identical. (3.) All cells arise from preexisting cells. (4.) Cells are the units of function in living things.

13. The major purpose of respiration is to (1.) breakdown our food to provide energy (2.) get oxygen into our body (3.) remove carbon dioxide from our body (4.) provide work for the mitochondria

14. The equation carbon dioxide + water yields glucose + oxygen in the presence of sunlight is a good representation of the process of (1.) respiration (2.) fermentation (3.) photosynthesis (4.) oxidation

15. Which is NOT a PRODUCT of cellular respiration? (1.) glucose (2.) carbon dioxide (3.) ATP (energy)  (4.) water 

16.  Which statement about cells is false?  (1.)  Living things are composed of cells.  (2.)  Cells provide structure and carry on major functions to sustain life.  (3.)  Cells are usually microscopic in size.  (4.) Cells are incapable of dividing and producing new cells.

17.   Cells take in food materials which may be used to  (1.)  provide energy for the work that cells do and
       to make the materials that a cell or an organism needs.  (2.) Trap sunlight energy to make food.
       (3.) Carry on the process of photosynthesis.    (4.) None of the preceding statements is true.

18.  Which cell organelle selectively controls the materials which enter or leave the cell? (1.) cell membrane
       (2.) cytoplasm. (3.) cell wall  (4.) chloroplasts  (5.) nucleus

19.  Which structure is chiefly involved with the outer support of plant cells?  (1.) cell membranes
       (2.) cytoplasm. (3.) cell wall  (4.) chloroplasts  (5.) nucleus

20.  Which structure contains the genetic material DNA used to control the activities of the cell?
       (1.) cell membranes   (2.) cytoplasm. (3.) cell wall  (4.) chloroplasts  (5.) nucleus

21.  Which structure is the fluid-like material of the cell where most of its chemical reactions occur
       and the cell organelles are found?  (1.) cell membranes  (2.) cytoplasm. (3.) cell wall  (4.) chloroplasts  (5.) nucleus

22.  Which structure is used to carry on the life process of photosynthesis in some cells?
       (1.) cell membranes   (2.) cytoplasm. (3.) cell wall  (4.) chloroplasts  (5.) nucleus

23.  Which cell organelles are found in plant cells but not in animal cells?   (1.) cell membrane and
       cytoplasm   (2.) cell wall and nucleus  (3.) chloroplast and cytoplasm   (4.) cell wall and chloroplasts

24.  Which would be an example of a multicellular organism?  (1.) ameba  (2.) paramecium  (3.) green alga
       (4.) human

25.  Which statement is false?   (1.) Some organisms are single cells.   (2.) Some organisms are multicellular.
       (3.) Cells are organized for more effective functioning in multicellular organisms.   (4.) Animal cells contain
       chloroplasts.

26.  Levels of organization for structure and function of a multicellular organism from simplest to most complex are 
       (1.) cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems  (2.) tissues, organs, cells, organ systems
       (3.) cells, organs, organ systems, tissues   (4.) cells, organ systems, organs, tissues

 27.  Which plant structure is adapated for anchorage of the plant and absorbing materials into the plant?
        (1.) stem  (2.) roots  (3.) leaves   (4.) flower.

28.  Which of the following statements is false?  (1.)  Living things are classified by shared characteristics on the 
       cellular and organism level.    (2.) In classifying organisms, biologists consider details of internal and external 
       structures.    (3.) Biological classification systems are arranged from general (kingdom) to specific (species).
       (4.) The heart and blood vessels are respiratory structures of an organism.

29.  What process do animals use in order to release the energy stored in food?  (1.) circulation  (2.) convection
         (3.) photosynthesis  (4.) respiration

30.  Which substances are necessary for plants to produce sugar?  (1.) water, soil, and chlorophyll
       (2.)  water, carbon dioxide, chlorophyll  (3.) water, minerals, cell wall  (4.) water, roots, oxygen

31.  In a closed terrarium, more photosynthesis is taking place than respiration. Which gas would 
       you expect to increase?  (1.) air  (2.) carbon dioxide  (3.) oxygen  (4.) nitrogen

Use the passage which follows and your knowledge of science to answer the following questions 32 through 34 which follow.

In the 1600's, Jan van Helmont  had a theory. To test it, he grew a tree in a tub of soil, adding nothing but water for five years. During that time he kept track of the weight of the soil and the weight of the tree. At the end of the experiment the tree had gained 164 pounds and the soil had lost 2 ounces.

32.. Which hypothesis was he testing?  (1.) Trees need soil for growth.  (2.) Trees need air for 
        growth. (3.) Do trees need water for growth   (4.) Trees need a tub to grow in.

33.  Which statement would be the best conclusion to this experiment?  (1.) Trees need air to 
        provide nutrients for growth.   (2.) Trees do not need soil.  (3.)  Trees do not get nutrients 
        for growth from soil.  (4.) Trees get their nutrients only from water

34.  What other material could be providing energy needed to combine molecules for plant growth?  (1.) air  (2.) water
        (3.) light  (4.) warmth

35.  Which example illustrates the movement of energy from the sun through living things?  
       (1.) Light energy to chemical energy to mechanical energy   (2.) Light energy to mechanical 
       energy to chemical energy.   (3.) Heat energy to light energy to chemical energy.  
       (4.) Heat energy to chemical energy to light energy.

36.  The brain controls the body. Which of the following cell structures is most comparable to the brain?
      (1.) cell membrane  (2.) cell wall  (3.) cytoplasm  (4.) mitochondria  (5.) nucleus

37.  A normal human cell has 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would a sperm produced by
       meiosis have?   (1.) 23  (2.) 46  (3.) 69  (4.) 92  (5.) 115

38.  The number of parents required in sexual reproduction is (1.)  one  (2.) two  (3.) three  (4.) none

39.  The breakdown of food to usable form by an organism is called  (1.) digestion
       (2.) excretion  (3.) locomotion  (4.) gas exchange  (5.) control  (6.) coordination
       (7.) reproduction  (8.) immunity

40.  The resistance of an organism to foreign invaders such as bacteria is called (1.) digestion
       (2.) excretion  (3.) locomotion  (4.) gas exchange  (5.) control  (6.) coordination
       (7.) reproduction  (8.) immunity

41.  The change in position of an organism is called (1.) digestion
       (2.) excretion  (3.) locomotion  (4.) gas exchange  (5.) control  (6.) coordination
       (7.) reproduction  (8.) immunity

42.  The removal of wastes by an organism is called  (1.) digestion
       (2.) excretion  (3.) locomotion  (4.) gas exchange  (5.) control  (6.) coordination
       (7.) reproduction  (8.) immunity   

43.  Which system is associated with carrying digested nutrients and oxygen to the cells and wastes
       from the cells?    (1.) digestion   (2.) excretion  (3.) locomotion  (4.) gas exchange  (5.) control  (6.) coordination
       (7.) circulation  (8.) immunity

44.  Which statement concerning the digestive system in humans is false?  (1.)  This system which consists of 
       organs that are responsible for the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food.   (2.) Digestive breakdown 
       produces molecules that can be absorbed and transported to cells.   (3.) The teeth begin mechanical digestion
       in humans.   (4.) Chemical digestion in humans is completed in the stomach.

45.  Which life process uses oxygen to release the energy stored in food?  (1.) circulation   (2.) digestion
       (3.) reproduction  (4.)  respiration

46.  Which system functions in the disposal of dissolved waste molecules, the elimination of liquid and 
        gaseous wastes from our cells, and the removal of excess heat energy?   (1.) circulation   (2.) digestion
       (3.) reproduction  (4.)  respiration

47.   Which system moves substances to and from cells, where they are needed or produced, 
        responding to changing demands?  (1.) circulation   (2.) digestion
       (3.) reproduction  (4.)  respiration

48.   Which is a false statement?  (1.)  Locomotion is needed to escape danger, obtain food and shelter, 
        and reproduce.   (2.) Locomotion is accomplished by the interaction of the skeletal and muscular systems.
        (3.) Locomotion is coordinated by the nervous system.   (4.) The process of respiration involves only the
        exchange of gases in the body.

49.  Which two body systems are chiefly involved in controlling and coordinating the body's responses
       to changes in the environment?  (1.) nervous and endocrine systems   (2.) circulatory and respiratory systems  
       (3.) respiratory and reproductive systems  (4.) digestive and excretory systems

50.  Which body system is chiefly involved in the regulation of growth, development, and reproduction? 
       (1.) endocrine  (2.) respiratory  (3.) digestive  (4.) excretory

51.   Hormones are chemicals which regulate many body function which are chiefly produced by the  
        (1.) endocrine system   (2.)  circulatory system  (3.) digestive system  (4.) nervous system

52.  Which statement is false?   (1.) The male testes produce sperm.   (2.) Sperm and eggs are gametes.
       (3.) The female uterus produces eggs.   (4.)  The process of meiosis produces gametes.

53.  Which statement is false?  (1.) Disease breaks down the structures or functions of an organism.
       (2.)  Some diseases are the result of failures of the system.   (3.) Some diseases are the result of damage 
       by infection from other organisms.   (4.) Antibiotics can destroy all disease causing organisms.

54.  Which cells protect the body from infectious disease?  (1.) red blood cells  (2.) neurons  (3.) white blood cells
       (4.) platelets

55.  Specialized white blood cells called lymphocytes produce chemicals which destroy invading organisms. 
        The chemicals they produce are called  (1.) antibodies  (2.) antigens  (3.) hormones  (4.) enzymes

56.  Which of the following is an example of sexual reproduction?  (1.) division of an amoeba
       (2.) growth of an organism  (3.) joining of egg and sperm  (4.) mitosis

Organism A	Organism B	Organism C

63.  The main difference between animals and plants is that  (1.) plants cannot move on their own
       (2.) plants can make their own food  (3.) plants don't need air  (4.) plants do not respond to stimuli

64. A _______________ consists of all individuals of one species that are found together at 
    a given place and time. (1.) population  (2.) community  (3.) ecosystem  (4.) biosphere

65. The community and the physical factors with which it interacts compose (a)n 
    (1.) population  (2.) community (3.) ecosystem.  (4.) biosphere

66  Which statement is false?  (1.) Given adequate resources and no disease or predators, 
    populations (including humans) increase. (2.) Lack of resources, habitat destruction, 
    and other factors such as predation and climate limit the growth of certain populations in the ecosystem.
    (3.) Failure of an organism to maintain homeostasis (equilibrium) with its surroundings may result in
    disease or death.   (4.) A cross between two hybrid tall pea plants produces 50% tall and 50% short pea plants.

67.  Which statement is false?  (1.)  Patterns of development vary among animals.
       (2.) In some species the young resemble the adult, while in others they do not.
       (3.)  Some insects and amphibians undergo metamorphosis as they mature.
       (4.) Patterns of development are the same in all plants.

68.  Which plant structure contains stored starchy food for early development of the plant?
       (1.) leaf  (2.) stem  (3.) flower  (4.) seed

69.  Which structure is the reproductive structure of a plant?    (1.) leaf  (2.) stem  (3.) flower  (4.) seed

70. Which statement is false?  (1.) As an individual organism ages, various body structures
      and functions change.   (2.) In multicellular organisms, mitotic cell division is responsible for
      growth, maintenance, and repair.   (3.) In the ameba which is a one-celled organism, cell
      division is a method of sexual reproduction.   (4.) Cancer is characterized by 
      uncontrolled mitotic cell division.

71.  Which statement concerning meiosis is true?   (1.) In meiosis a complete set of 
       chromosomes is passed on to the two cells formed which are identical to those of 
       the parent.  (2.) The process of meiosis produces two cells with DNA identical to that of 
       the parent.   (3.) Skin cells carry on the process of meiosis.
       (4.) Meiosis accounts for the production of egg and sperm cells in sexually 
       reproducing organisms.    (5.)  The eggs and sperm resulting from this type of 
       cell division contain the same amount of genetic information as the zygote. 

72.  Which statement is false?  (1.) In ecosystems, balance is the result of interactions 
       between community members and their environment.   (2.) The environment may be 
      altered through the activities of organisms.      (3.) Alterations in the environment 
      are sometimes abrupt.  (4.)  Some species may replace others over time,
       resulting in long term gradual changes (ecological succession).   (5.) Overpopulation by 
      any species does not impact the environment.

Short Answer Section

 Meiosis and mitosis are two different types of cell division. Discuss 3 differences
 between these types of cell division.

Hopefully correct test answers !!  :-)

Please send comments to jbuckley@ekcsk12.org