Choose the best answer that best completes each of the following statements or answers the
following questions.

1.   Any charged atom is known as a(n) (1.) ion (2.) isotope (3.) alpha particle (4.) electron

2.   A form of an element with the same atomic number, but a different atomic mass than
      the element it is being compared with is called a(n)  (1.) ion  (2.) isotope  (3.) alpha particle
      (4.) electron

4.   Under ordinary conditions, matter and energy can be (1.) created (2.) destroyed
      (3.) created but not destroyed (4.) neither created or destroyed

5.   Which subatomic particle has a negative charge? (1.) proton (2.) neutron (3.) electron (4.) gamma ray

6.   Which subatomic particle has a neutral charge? (1.) proton (2.) neutron (3.) electron (4.) gamma ray

7.   Which subatomic particle has a positive charge? (1.) proton (2.) neutron (3.) electron (4.) gamma ray

8.   The amount of matter contained in a substance is a measure of that substance's  (1.) density (2.) weight
      (3.) volume (4.) mass

9.   The amount of space an object takes up is a measure of a substance's  (1.) density  (2.) weight
      (3.) volume  (4.) mass

10.   Of the following, which is not a chemical change? (1.) freezing (2.) tarnishing of silver 
       (3.) souring of milk (4.) burning

11.   How does the mass of the proton compare to the mass of the electron?
       (1.) The proton is much more massive. (2.) They are the same.
       (3.) The neutron is much more massive. (4.) They are both too small to determine.

12.  Which subatomic particle has a mass which is essentially 0 AMU?   (1.) proton  (2.) neutron
       (3.) electron  (4.) alpha particle 

13.  Which are the largest subatomic particle(s)?  (1.) proton and electron 
       (2.) proton and neutron (3.) neutron and electron  (4.) electrons, only

14.  Which group of elements has a filled outer valence with 8 electrons in its largest members?
       (1.) all metals  (2.) metalloids  (3.) all nonmetals  (4.) noble gases

15.  With respect to chemical activity, noble gases are considered essentially  (1.) unreactive or inert 
       (2.) reactive (3.) metallic (4.) metalloid

16.  Unlike most nonmetals, metals are usually (1.) brittle (2.) good heat conductors (3.) high in electronegativity 
      (4.) tend to gain electrons

17.  Which property would characterize nonmetals?   (1.) malleable and ductile  (2.) shiny  
      (3.) high melting and boiling points  (4.) usually poor conductors

18.  A metal which can be hammered into different shapes is said to be (1.) dense (2.) malleable 
      (3.) ductile (4.) inert

19.  The ability to be drawn into a wire is called  (1.) denseness  (2.) malleability  (3.) fluffability
       (4.) ductility

20.  Shiny materials that are good conductors of electricity are called (1.) nonmetals
      (2.) metals (3.) ions (4.) compounds

21. The substance in a solution that does the dissolving is called the
     (1.) molecule (2.) solvent (3.) solute (4.) precipitate

22. The substance in a solution getting dissolved is called the  (1.) molecule (2.) solvent 
      (3.) solute (4.) precipitate

23. The atomic number of a neutral element can be determined by all of the following
      except (1.) the number of protons plus the number of neutrons (2.) the number
      of electrons only (3.) the number of protons only

24. During a chemical reaction, the more active the nonmetal the more easily it will 
      gain (1.) ions (2.) neutrons (3.) protons (4.) electrons

Use the following information to answer questions 25 to 27 which follow. An unknown substance 
has a length of 6 cm., a width of 5 cm, and a height of 2 cm.   The mass of the box is 120 grams.

25. What is the volume of this box in cubic centimeters? (1.) 12 (2.) 8 (3.) 24 (4.) 9  (5.) 60

26. What is the density of this box in grams per cubic centimeter? (1.) 8 (2.) 2
     (3.) 0.2 (4.) 5  (5.) 0.5

27. Based on the density value you obtained, this substance would (1.) float in water 
     (2.) sink in water (3.) be ejected from the water

28. Most natural elements are found (1.) in the pure state (2.) as gases (3.) in the free state 
     (4.) chemically combined with other elements

31. A substance has a definite mass, takes the shape of its container, and has
     a definite volume.   It is classified as a  (1.) solid  (2.) liquid  (3.) gas  (4.) plasma

Use the following information to assist you in answering questions 35 through 36.

A charged atom has 15 protons, 16 neutrons, and 15 electrons.

35. What is the atomic mass of this element? (1.) 15 (2.) 30 (3.) 31 (4.) 46

36. What is the atomic number of this element? (1.) 15 (2.) 30 (3.) 31 (4.) 46

37. Inert elements do not react to form compounds because (1.) they have only one 
     electron in their outer orbit (2.) they lack only one electron in their outer orbit
     (3.) their outer orbit is filled (4.) none of these reasons is correct

38. According to Bohr, the first energy level or orbit of an atom (away from the
      nucleus) contains (1.) 2 electrons (2.) 6 electrons (3.) 8 electrons (4.) 18 electrons

39. According to Bohr, the second energy level or orbit of an atom (away from the
      nucleus) contains (1.) 2 electrons (2.) 6 electrons (3.) 8 electrons (4.) 18 electrons

40. According to Bohr, the third energy level or orbit of an atom (away from the
      nucleus) contains (1.) 2 electrons (2.) 6 electrons (3.) 8 electrons (4.) 18 electrons

Use the information in the data table below to answer questions 42 through 45 which follow.

The data table below shows the masses and volumes of three objects (A, B, and C).

44. Which object would tend to float in water? (1.) A (2.) B (3.) C

45. Which object would tend to sink in water?  (1.) A  (2.) B  (3.) C

Base your answers to questions 46 and 47 on the charts below, which show 
two elements (iron and sulfur) and their properties. The arrows indicate that
these elements may combine to form either a mixture of iron and sulfur or the compound
iron sulfide.

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Example of a Physical Change

Element Properties Properties of Iron/Sulfur Mixture

iron magnetic ----------------> partially magnetic

black black and yellow

sulfur nonmagnetic

yellow

Element Properties Properties of Iron Sulfide Compound

iron magnetic ------------------> nonmagnetic

black shiny, gray

sulfur nonmagnetic

yellow

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46.   Use a complete sentence or two to explain how could a student use a
       magnet to indicate that combining iron and sulfur to produce the mixture of
       iron and sulfur is a physical change?

47   What evidence indicates that a chemical change took place when the iron and
      sulfur combined to form iron sulfide?

49.  As water freezes, its molecules (1.) absorb heat energy and move farther apart 
       (2.) absorb heat energy and move closer together (3.) release heat energy and
       move farther apart (4.) release heat energy and move closer together

52.   As temperature decreases, the tendency of a solid to dissolve in a liquid solution  (1.) decreases 
       (2.) increases (3.) remains the same

53.  As a substance is powdered, its surface area increases. As the surface area of a solid increases, 
       its tendency to dissolve in a liquid solution will tend to  (1.) decrease (2.) increase (3.) remain the same

54. The upward force exerted by a fluid upon an object is known as (1.) buoyancy
      (2.) friction (3.) solubility (4.) gravity

55. If you are having difficulty removing a metal top from a jar, it might be helpful to place the cap 
     under hot water. Which of the following statements best supports this advice?
     (1.) Heating causes the metal to contract as its molecules move closer together.
     (2.) Heating causes the metal to expand as its molecules move further apart.
     (3.) Heating decreases the potential energy of the metal top.
     (4.) Heating causes the glass to contract and its molecules to move more closely together.

56. You decide to take a hot shower. The bathroom mirror "steams up". This
      happens because (1.) an ice layer formed on the glass (2.) water splashed on
      it from the sink (3.) energy was absorbed by the mirror (4.) water vapor in the
      air condensed on it

57. The ratio of the mass to the volume of an object is a measure of its  (1.) mass  (2.) area (3.) weight  (4.) density

58. Any push or pull is called (1.) work (2.) distance (3.) power (4.) force 

59. Batman's car travels a distance of 1,500 kilometers in a time of 5 hours. What is the average speed of the car's motion? (1.) 1,500 km. (2.) 60 km/hr (3.) 1,500 km/hr (4.) 300 km/hr

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60-63. Newton presented three laws of motion. These laws are briefly summarized as follows below:

law of inertia

F = ma

law of action and reaction

For each of the laws listed above use one or more well constructed complete sentences to 
explain the law.  You may use an example to aid your explanation if you so desire. 

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65   A student plays tennis several times a week. She notices that the tennis ball 
      seems to bounce higher on some courts than on other courts. She wonders if this has 
      something to do with the surface of the court. Design an experiment to see if her hypothesis 
      is correct. Include these elements in your response:

• State the hypothesis. 
• Identify the factor to be varied. 
• Identify two factors that should be held constant. 
• Clearly describe the procedures.